If I am citing a song whose lyrics are derived from a poem, do I need to credit the poem in my citation?

No, but you could indicate in a note that the song was originally a poem. … Read More

How do I distinguish between different dictionary entries for the same term in my in-text citation?

To distinguish between different dictionary entries for the same term, follow the principle in our previous post on distinguishing between works with the same title:… Read More

How should Icelandic names be cited?

Many Icelandic names consist of a first name and a matronymic or patronymic, not a family name: Björk Guðmundsdóttir (that is, Björk, Guðmundur’s daughter)  Gunnar… Read More

How do I cite a biographical note?

To cite a biographical note, mention it in your prose and then include the work in your works-cited list: According to a biographical note in… Read More

How do you cite Qur’an chapters and verses?

There is no need to provide a works-cited-list entry for the Qur’an, whether you cite it from memory or from a printed source, since the… Read More

How should a website with no author or clear organization authorship be cited in an in-text citation?

If a website has no author or it is unclear what organization produced it, use the title of the site in your in-text citation. You… Read More

How should I cite an e-book version of Shakespeare’s Hamlet that uses paragraph numbers instead of line numbers?

If your source uses paragraph numbers instead of page numbers or line numbers, your in-text citation should give the relevant number or numbers preceded by… Read More

How can I avoid redundancy in my in-text citations?

As the MLA Handbook notes, “The in-text citation should direct the reader unambiguously to the entry in your works-cited list for the source—and, if possible, to a passage in… Read More

If I have two works with identical titles and no authors in my works-cited list, how do I distinguish between them in my parenthetical citations?

Writers sometimes need to cite anonymous sources with identical titles, such as articles in reference works. Since in MLA style works without authors are cited… Read More

How do I cite an illustration on an unnumbered page if there is no figure number?

In some cases, the unnumbered page is counted as a page but not numbered as such. If the unnumbered page is between 117 and 119,… Read More