How do I cite the script and performance of a play?

The script of a play and each performance of it are different works and should be cited separately. Apply the MLA format template to the… Read More

How do I cite a photograph found on a website in the text and in my works-cited list?

Cite a photograph found on a website the same way you would cite any work of art found online. See our post on citing images… Read More

How do I cite a chronology from a book?

To cite a chronology from a book, mention the chronology in your writing:  The chronology at the end of The Oxford History of the French Revolution provides… Read More

When multivolume works label individual volumes with letters instead of numerals, should the letters be capitalized or lowercased?

In our house style, we capitalize the letter in lettered volumes: The Longman Anthology of World Literature. Edited by Jane Tylus and David Damrosch, vol. C,… Read More

In works-cited-list entries for a work by more than one author, why is only the name of the first author inverted?

In a works-cited-list entry for a work by more than one author, the first name is inverted because the entry is alphabetized under the first… Read More

Where do I place an exclamation point or a question mark in relation to a parenthetical reference for a paraphrase?

You should place an exclamation point or a question mark after the parenthetical reference for a paraphrase: Why did Karl Marx say that a commodity is… Read More

Styling Titles of Online Works

by Jennifer Rappaport

To determine how to style an online work, consider the work's length, genre, and context . . . Read More

If I am referring to two sources that make the same point, how do I make my citations clear?

If you directly cite two sources that make the same point, you must make clear to your reader the source of each quotation.  Johnson argues that “mint chip ice… Read More

How do I cite a meme?

Here we refer to meme in its sense as “an amusing or interesting item (such as a captioned picture or video) or genre of items… Read More

How do I cite an image in a periodical?

When you are citing an image reproduced in a periodical, it is usually sufficient to refer to it in your text and create a works-cited-list… Read More