How do I cite comics or a graphic novel if I want to credit several collaborators as equal creators of the work?

Note: This post relates to content in the eighth edition of the MLA Handbook. For up-to-date guidance, see the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook.

When you write about a collaborative work such as comics or a graphic novel without focusing on one person’s role, begin your works-cited-list entry with the title. Then provide the names of the creators in the “Other contributors” slot preceded by a description of the role they played:

March. By John Lewis and Andrew Aydin, illustrated by Nate Powell, book 1, Top Shelf Productions, 2013.

As the MLA Handbook advises (17), when the role cannot be described using a phrase like “illustrated by,” use a noun followed by a comma:

Superman: Birthright. By Mark Waid, illustrated by Leinil Francis Yu, inker, Gerry Alanguilan, color artist, Dave McCaig, DC Comics, 2005. 

Follow the guidelines in the MLA Handbook for the use of et al. (22): If more than two people made the same contribution (for example, if a work has three color artists), give the first name listed in the source followed by et al. In your prose, you may name as many of the contributors as you wish. 

Work Cited

MLA Handbook. 8th ed., Modern Language Association of America, 2016.