In the following example, has the writer provided a good paraphrase?

Passage in source:

The claim that humans and animals are differentiated by the relation they are said to take to things such as tools or clothing suggests that the categories of human, animal, and thing are elaborated through these relationships instead of existing as preestablished constructs. When the thing in question is a work of art . . . these categories become even more complicated.

Festa, Lynn. Fiction without Humanity: Person, Animal, Thing in Early Enlightenment Culture. U of Pennsylvania P, 2019.

Writer’s paraphrase: 

The idea that human beings and animals can be distinguished by their relation to tools and clothing indicates that humans, animals, and things can be explained through these relationships. This is even more complicated when the thing in question is a work of art (Festa 41). 

In the following example, the writer has taken a different approach to paraphrasing the source. Has the writer provided a good paraphrase here?

Passage in source:

The claim that humans and animals are differentiated by the relation they are said to take to things such as tools or clothing suggests that the categories of human, animal, and thing are elaborated through these relationships instead of existing as preestablished constructs. When the thing in question is a work of art . . . these categories become even more complicated.

Festa, Lynn. Fiction without Humanity: Person, Animal, Thing in Early Enlightenment Culture. U of Pennsylvania P, 2019.

Writer’s paraphrase: 

Living beings and inanimate objects are not preconstructed categories but concepts formed in relationship to other things, and trying to classify artwork this way is even more difficult (Festa 41).

In the following example, has the writer provided a good paraphrase?

Passage in source:

Writing used to have illustrations all the time. Medieval scribes illustrated their manuscripts with everything from the classic illuminated letters to a bizarrely popular motif of knights fighting giant snails at swordpoint. It was really the printing press that made us think that books should be composed primarily of walls of text. . . .

McCulloch, Gretchen. Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language. Riverhead Books, 2019.

Writer’s paraphrase: 

Gretchen McCulloch notes that writing in previous periods had images all the time, including illuminated letters and pictures of knights fighting snails, and that it was the advent of printing that made people think that books should have only text (173–74).

In the following example, the writer has taken a different approach to paraphrasing the source. Has the writer provided a good paraphrase here?

Passage in source: 

Writing used to have illustrations all the time. Medieval scribes illustrated their manuscripts with everything from the classic illuminated letters to a bizarrely popular motif of knights fighting giant snails at swordpoint. It was really the printing press that made us think that books should be composed primarily of walls of text. . . . 

McCulloch, Gretchen. Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language. Riverhead Books, 2019.

Writer’s paraphrase: 

Gretchen McCulloch notes that our association of books with text rather than with pictures dates to the printing press; earlier a mixture of writing and images was common (173–74).

In the following example, has the writer provided a good paraphrase?

Passage in source:

Among the dismissive views of carefree idleness is that it is a hangover from feudal times. Idleness, in this sense, is a freedom reserved in principle for the few. It resembles little more than the lifestyle of a class of spoiled brats and wastrels whose leisure is parasitic on the labor of others.

O’Connor, Brian. Idleness: A Philosophical Essay. Princeton UP, 2018.

Writer’s paraphrase: 

According to Brian O’Connor, negative attitudes toward being idle include thinking of it as a state reserved for a class of people who live off the work of the less fortunate (58).

In the following example, the writer has taken a different approach to paraphrasing the source. Has the writer provided a good paraphrase here?

Passage in source:

Among the dismissive views of carefree idleness is that it is a hangover from feudal times. Idleness, in this sense, is a freedom reserved in principle for the few. It resembles little more than the lifestyle of a class of spoiled brats and wastrels whose leisure is parasitic on the labor of others.

O’Connor, Brian. Idleness: A Philosophical Essay. Princeton UP, 2018.

Writer’s paraphrase: 

According to Brian O’Connor, there are many negative attitudes toward idleness, including that it is leftover from feudal times. Idleness here is for few people—spoiled brats who live off the work of others (58).