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Popular Questions

Is using ibid. allowed for in-text citations? If so, how is it done?

When citing a work whose title ends in a question mark or exclamation point, should I also include a period?

How do I cite a performance I watch in person?

When citing a magazine, should I include volume and issue numbers in addition to a date?

Following the guidance given in section 1.2 to avoid special typography when using the title of a source in my writing, should I replace the ampersand with “and” in a title?

How do I cite an image from a slide presentation on the web or from a lecture I attend?

How do I cite a museum image that I viewed in person or online?

When a work has no publication date or page numbers, should I include the abbreviations n.d. (“no date”) and n. pag. (“no pagination”) in the works-cited-list entry?

Should writers include the edition of a newspaper (such as “late ed.”) in works-cited-list entries?

Does the MLA abbreviate United States as U.S. or US?

Do I italicize Cyrillic book titles in the list of works cited?

Do I use a comma before Jr. and Sr.? What about names followed by roman numerals?

Can I look at source code to determine a publication date for online materials that don’t publicize a date?

When an organization is the author and the publisher of a work, the handbook advises writers to begin the works-cited-list entry with the title of the source. Is it OK to use the organization’s name in a signal phrase or in the in-text citation even though the name does not begin the works-cited-list entry?

I am citing a paginated journal article that appears online. Should I include the page range, the URL, or the DOI as the location element in the works-cited-list entry?